<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">meat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Theory and practice of meat processing</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Теория и практика переработки мяса</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2414-438X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-441X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2414-438X-2026-11-3-287-297</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">meat-629</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ensuring stability of beef liver-meat paste quality during its storage</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7227-0653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hayati</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shafa N. Hayati, Magister Student, Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science</p><p>16680, Bogor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shafanh2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-3002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suryati</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tuti Suryati, Doctor, Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science</p><p>16680, Bogor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t-suryati@apps.ipb.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-5101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apriantini</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astari Apriantini, Doctor, Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science</p><p>16680, Bogor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">astari87@apps.ipb.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>IPB University</institution><country>Indonesia</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>287</fpage><lpage>297</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Hayati S., Suryati T., Apriantini A., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Hayati S., Suryati T., Apriantini A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hayati S., Suryati T., Apriantini A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/629">https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/629</self-uri><abstract><p>Beef liver-meat paste was a diversified ready-to-eat food product. Packaging, storage temperature, and storage duration were important factors to consider in assessment of ready-to-eat food products quality. The study was aimed to analyze the stability of malondyaldehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant activity, and microbiological quality of beef liver-meat paste packaged in retort pouches during its storage. The spices used in this study is stew seasoning spices mixture with the addition of apple. The liver and meat are cooked with stew spices for 20 minutes at 70–75 °C, then pureed with the apples for 5 minutes in a food processor, and then packaged in a retort pouch, sterilized using an autoclave at 110 °C for 5 minutes. The product was stored at chilled and frozen temperatures for 14 days. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 2 × 3 factorial pattern, consisting of two different temperatures and three different storage durations, with three production periods. Using of antioxidant-rich spice seasonings in beef liver-meat paste products in retort pouch packaged and stored under chilled and frozen conditions effectively ensures food product quality stability; this is evidenced by MDA content that remains below the rancidity threshold, sustained high antioxidant activity, and microbiological quality remaining within safe limits throughout the storage period.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Antioxidant</kwd><kwd>malondialdehyde</kwd><kwd>microbiological</kwd><kwd>beef liver paste</kwd><kwd>storage</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express sincere appreciation and gratitude to the Division of Animal Products Technology, Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University for providing laboratory facilities and assistance during the research</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suryaningsih, L., Gumilar, J., Pratama, A. (2017). Response of beef liver percentageto beef sausage protein content, fat content and cooking suspension. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 17(2), 77– 81. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v17i2.15274 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suryaningsih, L., Gumilar, J., Pratama, A. (2017). Response of beef liver percentageto beef sausage protein content, fat content and cooking suspension. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 17(2), 77– 81. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v17i2.15274 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McManus, L., Veras, K., Faria, V. S., Manninen, M., Egan, B. (2025). Effect of increasing red meat intake on iron status in adults with normal and suboptimal iron status: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. Nutrition Reviews, 83(8), 1389–1401. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McManus, L., Veras, K., Faria, V. S., Manninen, M., Egan, B. (2025). Effect of increasing red meat intake on iron status in adults with normal and suboptimal iron status: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. Nutrition Reviews, 83(8), 1389–1401. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Porto-Fett, A. C. S., Shoyer, B. A., Shane, L. E., Osoria, M., Henry, E., Jung, Y. et al. (2019). Thermal inactivation of Salmonella in pâté made from chicken liver. Journal of Food Protection, 82(6), 980–987. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP‑18-423</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Porto-Fett, A. C. S., Shoyer, B. A., Shane, L. E., Osoria, M., Henry, E., Jung, Y. et al. (2019). Thermal inactivation of Salmonella in pâté made from chicken liver. Journal of Food Protection, 82(6), 980–987. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP‑18-423</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Domínguez, R., Pateiro, M., Gagaoua, M., Barba, F. J., Zhang, W., Lorenzo, J. M. (2019). A comprehensive review on lipid oxidation in meat and meat products. Antioxidants, 8(10), Article 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100429</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Domínguez, R., Pateiro, M., Gagaoua, M., Barba, F. J., Zhang, W., Lorenzo, J. M. (2019). A comprehensive review on lipid oxidation in meat and meat products. Antioxidants, 8(10), Article 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100429</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reddy, D. M., Reddy, G. V. B., Mandal, P. K. (2018). Application of natural antioxidants in meat and meat products — A review. Food and Nutrition Journal, 7(3), Article FDNJ‑173. https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-7091.100073</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reddy, D. M., Reddy, G. V. B., Mandal, P. K. (2018). Application of natural antioxidants in meat and meat products — A review. Food and Nutrition Journal, 7(3), Article FDNJ‑173. https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-7091.100073</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andre, Apriantini, A., Budiman, C. (2021). The effect of propolis extract as edible coating on chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity in beef during room temperature storage. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 9(2), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.9.2.72-78 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andre, Apriantini, A., Budiman, C. (2021). The effect of propolis extract as edible coating on chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity in beef during room temperature storage. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 9(2), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.9.2.72-78 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Subroto, E., Cahyana, Y., Tensiska, Mahani, Filianty, F., Lembong, E. et al. (2021). Bioactive compounds in garlic (Allium sativum L.) as a source of antioxidants and its potential to improve the immune system: A review. Food Research, 5(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(6).042</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Subroto, E., Cahyana, Y., Tensiska, Mahani, Filianty, F., Lembong, E. et al. (2021). Bioactive compounds in garlic (Allium sativum L.) as a source of antioxidants and its potential to improve the immune system: A review. Food Research, 5(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(6).042</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yashin, A., Yashin, Y., Xia, X., Nemzer, B. (2017). Antioxidant activity of spices and their impact on human health: A review. Antioxidants, 6(3), Article 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030070</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yashin, A., Yashin, Y., Xia, X., Nemzer, B. (2017). Antioxidant activity of spices and their impact on human health: A review. Antioxidants, 6(3), Article 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030070</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maulidina, R., Marlina, E. T., Utama, D. T. (2022). Microbiological quality of processed meat products sold online from MSMEs in Bandung City. Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 4(2), 83– 100. https://doi.org/10.24198/jthp.v4i2.47313 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maulidina, R., Marlina, E. T., Utama, D. T. (2022). Microbiological quality of processed meat products sold online from MSMEs in Bandung City. Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 4(2), 83– 100. https://doi.org/10.24198/jthp.v4i2.47313 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anggraeni, W., Lukman, H., Pramusintho, B. (2022). The effect of long storage and packaging methods on the physical properties of chicken meatballs in refrigerator (± 5 °C). Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 25(1), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v25i1.12471 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anggraeni, W., Lukman, H., Pramusintho, B. (2022). The effect of long storage and packaging methods on the physical properties of chicken meatballs in refrigerator (± 5 °C). Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 25(1), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiiip.v25i1.12471 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coombs, C. E. O., Holman, B. W. B., Friend, M. A., Hopkins, D. L. (2017). Long-term red meat preservation using chilled and frozen storage combinations: A review. Meat Science, 125, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.11.025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coombs, C. E. O., Holman, B. W. B., Friend, M. A., Hopkins, D. L. (2017). Long-term red meat preservation using chilled and frozen storage combinations: A review. Meat Science, 125, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.11.025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ropikoh, S., Widjayanti, W., Idris, M., Nuh, G. M., Fanani, M. Z. (2024). The development of food product packaging and storage technology. Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal, 6(1), 30– 38. https://doi.org/10.30997/jiph.v6i1.12668 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ropikoh, S., Widjayanti, W., Idris, M., Nuh, G. M., Fanani, M. Z. (2024). The development of food product packaging and storage technology. Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal, 6(1), 30– 38. https://doi.org/10.30997/jiph.v6i1.12668 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tripathi, S., Candlen, K., Froio-Blumsack, D., Ratto, J. A., Chen, W.-T., Peterson, A. M. (2026). Effect of food items and retort processing on the properties of multilayer packaging films. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 55, Article 101758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101758</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tripathi, S., Candlen, K., Froio-Blumsack, D., Ratto, J. A., Chen, W.-T., Peterson, A. M. (2026). Effect of food items and retort processing on the properties of multilayer packaging films. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 55, Article 101758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101758</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shen, R., Yang, D., Zhang, L., Yu, Q., Ma, X., Ma, G. et al. (2023). Preparation of complementary food for infants and young children with beef liver: Process optimization and storage quality. Foods, 12(14), Article 2689. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12142689</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shen, R., Yang, D., Zhang, L., Yu, Q., Ma, X., Ma, G. et al. (2023). Preparation of complementary food for infants and young children with beef liver: Process optimization and storage quality. Foods, 12(14), Article 2689. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12142689</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pětová, M., Polášek, Z., Lapčíková, B., Lapčík, L., Buňková, L., Pospiech, M. et al. (2024). Evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during sterilisation observed in situ. LWT, 191, Article 115614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2023.115614</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pětová, M., Polášek, Z., Lapčíková, B., Lapčík, L., Buňková, L., Pospiech, M. et al. (2024). Evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during sterilisation observed in situ. LWT, 191, Article 115614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2023.115614</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chernukha, I., Kupaeva, N., Khvostov, D., Bogdanova, Y., Smirnova, J., Kotenkova, E. (2023). Assessment of antioxidant stability of meat pâté with allium cepa husk extract. Antioxidants, 12(5), Article 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12051103</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernukha, I., Kupaeva, N., Khvostov, D., Bogdanova, Y., Smirnova, J., Kotenkova, E. (2023). Assessment of antioxidant stability of meat pâté with allium cepa husk extract. Antioxidants, 12(5), Article 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12051103</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almeida da Silva, B., de Castro, V. C. G., da Silva Araújo, C., Joele, M. R. S. P., Maciel e Silva, A. G., Rodrigues da Silva, J. A. et al. (2024). Optimization of the process of preparation of liver pâtés and omental fat of lambs fed with lipid cakes. PLOS ONE, 19(7), Article e0304532. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304532</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almeida da Silva, B., de Castro, V. C. G., da Silva Araújo, C., Joele, M. R. S. P., Maciel e Silva, A. G., Rodrigues da Silva, J. A. et al. (2024). Optimization of the process of preparation of liver pâtés and omental fat of lambs fed with lipid cakes. PLOS ONE, 19(7), Article e0304532. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304532</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andriyani, S., Zainuri, Nofrida, R. (2024). The influence of adding cinnamon powder (Cinnamomum burmanii) on the chemical, physical and organoleptic properties of moringa leaf herbal tea (Moringa oleifera L.). EduFood, 2(1), 93–106. (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andriyani, S., Zainuri, Nofrida, R. (2024). The influence of adding cinnamon powder (Cinnamomum burmanii) on the chemical, physical and organoleptic properties of moringa leaf herbal tea (Moringa oleifera L.). EduFood, 2(1), 93–106. (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Oliveira Santos, L., Ribeiro, A. L. S., de Oliveira Lima, K. M., dos Santos, I. R. P., de Almeida, B. S., de Matos, M. F. R. et al. (2025). Critical factors associated with maillard reaction products in different meats: An integrative review. Food Control, 168, Article 110960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110960</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Oliveira Santos, L., Ribeiro, A. L. S., de Oliveira Lima, K. M., dos Santos, I. R. P., de Almeida, B. S., de Matos, M. F. R. et al. (2025). Critical factors associated with maillard reaction products in different meats: An integrative review. Food Control, 168, Article 110960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110960</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Augustyńska-Prejsnar, A., Topczewska, J., Ormian, M., Saletnik, A., Sokołowicz, Z., Lechowska, J. (2022). The effect of the addition turmeric on selected quality characteristics of duck burgers stored under refrigeration. Applied Sciences, 12(2), Article 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12020805</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Augustyńska-Prejsnar, A., Topczewska, J., Ormian, M., Saletnik, A., Sokołowicz, Z., Lechowska, J. (2022). The effect of the addition turmeric on selected quality characteristics of duck burgers stored under refrigeration. Applied Sciences, 12(2), Article 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12020805</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manoliu, D.-R., Ciobotaru, M. C., Ciobanu, M.-M., Boișteanu, P.-C. (2025). Development and characterization of meat-based pasta enriched with apple and sugar beet fibers. Foods, 14(22), Article 3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14223837</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manoliu, D.-R., Ciobotaru, M. C., Ciobanu, M.-M., Boișteanu, P.-C. (2025). Development and characterization of meat-based pasta enriched with apple and sugar beet fibers. Foods, 14(22), Article 3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14223837</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang, W., Geng, L., Fu, H., Wang, D., Jia, D., Wang, A. et al. (2026). Effect of sous vide cooking combined with bromelain on beef tenderness and eating quality. Food Chemistry: X, 33, Article 103438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103438</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang, W., Geng, L., Fu, H., Wang, D., Jia, D., Wang, A. et al. (2026). Effect of sous vide cooking combined with bromelain on beef tenderness and eating quality. Food Chemistry: X, 33, Article 103438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103438</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pratiwy, A. E., Kusumaningrum, I., Aminullah, A. (2019). Utilization of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) against the antioxidant content and sensory properties of dark chocolate products. Jurnal Pertanian, 10(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v10i2.1927</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pratiwy, A. E., Kusumaningrum, I., Aminullah, A. (2019). Utilization of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) against the antioxidant content and sensory properties of dark chocolate products. Jurnal Pertanian, 10(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v10i2.1927</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dang, N. H., Anh, L. T. V., Dat, N. T. (2020). Anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of amomum aromaticum fruits in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Journal of Food Quality, 2020, Article 8831187. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8831187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dang, N. H., Anh, L. T. V., Dat, N. T. (2020). Anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of amomum aromaticum fruits in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Journal of Food Quality, 2020, Article 8831187. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8831187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saleh, M. R., Putranto, W. S., Gumilar, J. (2023). The effect of addition of blackseed oil (Nigella sativa) with different concentrations in the yoghurt production process on the amount of lactic acid bacteria, pH and acceptability. Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 4(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.24198/jthp.v4i1.45086 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saleh, M. R., Putranto, W. S., Gumilar, J. (2023). The effect of addition of blackseed oil (Nigella sativa) with different concentrations in the yoghurt production process on the amount of lactic acid bacteria, pH and acceptability. Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 4(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.24198/jthp.v4i1.45086 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">López-Martínez, M., Toldrá, F., Mora, L. (2023). Pork organs as a potential source of flavour-related substances. Food Research International, 173, Article 113468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113468</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">López-Martínez, M., Toldrá, F., Mora, L. (2023). Pork organs as a potential source of flavour-related substances. Food Research International, 173, Article 113468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113468</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nurjannah, I., Utami, C. R. (2022). Characteristics of pineapple flour queen variety (Ananas comosus L. Merr) modified foam mat drying method. Teknologi Pangan: Media Informasi Dan Komunikasi Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian, 13(1), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.35891/tp.v13i1.3008 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nurjannah, I., Utami, C. R. (2022). Characteristics of pineapple flour queen variety (Ananas comosus L. Merr) modified foam mat drying method. Teknologi Pangan: Media Informasi Dan Komunikasi Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian, 13(1), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.35891/tp.v13i1.3008 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fitriyah, R. L., Hastuti, U. S., Witjoro, A. (2019). Qualities of nata de apple with different varieties of apples (Malus sylvestris mill) and sugar based on thickness, weight and fiber content. Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 12(1), 61–65. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v12i1.27408</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fitriyah, R. L., Hastuti, U. S., Witjoro, A. (2019). Qualities of nata de apple with different varieties of apples (Malus sylvestris mill) and sugar based on thickness, weight and fiber content. Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 12(1), 61–65. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v12i1.27408</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bertolín, J. R., Joy, M., Blanco, M. (2019). Malondialdehyde determination in raw and processed meat products by UPLC-DAD and UPLC-FLD. Food Chemistry, 298, Article 125009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bertolín, J. R., Joy, M., Blanco, M. (2019). Malondialdehyde determination in raw and processed meat products by UPLC-DAD and UPLC-FLD. Food Chemistry, 298, Article 125009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Botella-Martínez, C., Pérez-Álvarez, J. Á., Fernández-López, J., Viuda-Martos, M. (2024). Innovative formulation in pâté using a gelled emulsion of hemp oil (Cannabis sativa L.) as fat replacer. LWT, 206, Article 116630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116630</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Botella-Martínez, C., Pérez-Álvarez, J. Á., Fernández-López, J., Viuda-Martos, M. (2024). Innovative formulation in pâté using a gelled emulsion of hemp oil (Cannabis sativa L.) as fat replacer. LWT, 206, Article 116630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116630</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suryati, T., Astawan, M., Lioe, H. N., Wresdiyati, T., Usmiati, S. (2014). Nitrite residue and malonaldehyde reduction in dendeng — Indonesian dried meat — Influenced by spices, curing methods and precooking preparation. Meat Science, 96(3), 1403–1408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.11.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suryati, T., Astawan, M., Lioe, H. N., Wresdiyati, T., Usmiati, S. (2014). Nitrite residue and malonaldehyde reduction in dendeng — Indonesian dried meat — Influenced by spices, curing methods and precooking preparation. Meat Science, 96(3), 1403–1408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.11.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devadason, I. P., Anjaneyulu, A. S. R., Mendirtta, S. K., Murthy, T. R. K. (2014). Quality and shelf life of buffalo meat blocks processed in retort pouches. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(12), 3991–3997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0895-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devadason, I. P., Anjaneyulu, A. S. R., Mendirtta, S. K., Murthy, T. R. K. (2014). Quality and shelf life of buffalo meat blocks processed in retort pouches. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(12), 3991–3997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-012-0895-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suharyanto, S., Amrullah, A. H. K., Harahap, A. S. (2023). Reducing oxidation in beef sausage during room temperature storage by adding senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) leaf extract. Jurnal Agripet, 23(2), 134–141. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v23i2.22410 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suharyanto, S., Amrullah, A. H. K., Harahap, A. S. (2023). Reducing oxidation in beef sausage during room temperature storage by adding senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum L.) leaf extract. Jurnal Agripet, 23(2), 134–141. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v23i2.22410 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tangkanakul, P., Auttaviboonkul, P., Niyomwit, B., Lowvitoon, N., Charoenthamawat, P., Trakoontivakorn, G. (2009). Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and nutritional composition of Asian foods after thermal processing. International Food Research Journal, 16, 571–580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tangkanakul, P., Auttaviboonkul, P., Niyomwit, B., Lowvitoon, N., Charoenthamawat, P., Trakoontivakorn, G. (2009). Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and nutritional composition of Asian foods after thermal processing. International Food Research Journal, 16, 571–580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rabby, Md. G., Islam, Md. N., Hasan, Md. S., Hossain, Md. N., Alam, M., Alam, A. et al (2025). Effects of Sesame and Cinnamon extract on physicochemical characteristics, oxidative stability, and antimicrobial activity in fresh poultry meatballs at refrigerated storage. Poultry Science, 104(10), Article 105572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105572</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rabby, Md. G., Islam, Md. N., Hasan, Md. S., Hossain, Md. N., Alam, M., Alam, A. et al (2025). Effects of Sesame and Cinnamon extract on physicochemical characteristics, oxidative stability, and antimicrobial activity in fresh poultry meatballs at refrigerated storage. Poultry Science, 104(10), Article 105572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105572</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Da Silva, J. D. F., Breda, F. C., Ribeiro, L. C., De Lima, J. A., Berretta, A., Prestes, O. D. et al. (2025). Kinetics-thermodynamics of the antioxidant activity of propolis extracts in pork pâté. Food Research International, 218, Article 116879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116879</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Da Silva, J. D. F., Breda, F. C., Ribeiro, L. C., De Lima, J. A., Berretta, A., Prestes, O. D. et al. (2025). Kinetics-thermodynamics of the antioxidant activity of propolis extracts in pork pâté. Food Research International, 218, Article 116879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116879</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mrázková, M., Sumczynski, D., Orsavová, J. (2023). Influence of storage conditions on stability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity values in nutraceutical mixtures with edible flowers as new dietary supplements. Antioxidants, 12(4), Article 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040962</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mrázková, M., Sumczynski, D., Orsavová, J. (2023). Influence of storage conditions on stability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity values in nutraceutical mixtures with edible flowers as new dietary supplements. Antioxidants, 12(4), Article 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040962</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernández-Macedo, M. L., Barancelli, G. V., Contreras-Castillo, C. J. (2011). Microbial deterioration of vacuum-packaged chilled beef cuts and techniques for microbiota detection and characterization: A review. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 42(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822011000100001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hernández-Macedo, M. L., Barancelli, G. V., Contreras-Castillo, C. J. (2011). Microbial deterioration of vacuum-packaged chilled beef cuts and techniques for microbiota detection and characterization: A review. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 42(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822011000100001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Triyannanto, E., Arizona, A. S., Rusman, Suryanto, E., Sujarwanta, R. O., Jamhari. et al. (2020). Effect of retorted packaging and storage in room temperature on physical and microbiology of chicken meat satay. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 15(3), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.15.3.265-272 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Triyannanto, E., Arizona, A. S., Rusman, Suryanto, E., Sujarwanta, R. O., Jamhari. et al. (2020). Effect of retorted packaging and storage in room temperature on physical and microbiology of chicken meat satay. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 15(3), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.15.3.265-272 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah, M. A., Bosco, S. J. D., Mir, S. A., Sunooj, K. V. (2017). Evaluation of shelf life of retort pouch packaged Rogan josh, a traditional meat curry of Kashmir, India. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 12, 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2017.04.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah, M. A., Bosco, S. J. D., Mir, S. A., Sunooj, K. V. (2017). Evaluation of shelf life of retort pouch packaged Rogan josh, a traditional meat curry of Kashmir, India. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 12, 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2017.04.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rather, J. A., Akhter, N., Rather, S. A., Masoodi, F. A., Dar, B. N. (2023). Effect of xanthan gum treatment on the shelf-life enhancement of retorted meatballs (Goshtaba): A traditional meat product of India. Measurement: Food, 13, Article 100127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meafoo.2023.100127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rather, J. A., Akhter, N., Rather, S. A., Masoodi, F. A., Dar, B. N. (2023). Effect of xanthan gum treatment on the shelf-life enhancement of retorted meatballs (Goshtaba): A traditional meat product of India. Measurement: Food, 13, Article 100127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meafoo.2023.100127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nurhasanah. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans houtt) fruit methanol extract against growth Staphylococus aureus and Escherichia coli. Jurnal Bioedukasi, 3(1), 277– 286. https://doi.org/10.33387/bioedu.v2i1.61 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nurhasanah. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans houtt) fruit methanol extract against growth Staphylococus aureus and Escherichia coli. Jurnal Bioedukasi, 3(1), 277– 286. https://doi.org/10.33387/bioedu.v2i1.61 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wellyalina. (2017). Identification of phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial activity of extracts of the main spices rendang of Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Pertanian UMSB, 1(2), 29– 37. https://doi.org/10.33559/pertanian (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wellyalina. (2017). Identification of phytochemical compounds and antimicrobial activity of extracts of the main spices rendang of Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Pertanian UMSB, 1(2), 29– 37. https://doi.org/10.33559/pertanian (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moulia, M. N. (2018). Antimicrobial of garlic extract. Jurnal Pangan, 27(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i1.399 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moulia, M. N. (2018). Antimicrobial of garlic extract. Jurnal Pangan, 27(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i1.399 (In Indonesian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marpaung, J. M., Panjaitan, I. M. S., Tobing, J. H. L. (2024). Comparison of effectiveness of clove flower, cinnamon bark, and star anise extract on the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(4), 1069–1076. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i4.8068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marpaung, J. M., Panjaitan, I. M. S., Tobing, J. H. L. (2024). Comparison of effectiveness of clove flower, cinnamon bark, and star anise extract on the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(4), 1069–1076. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i4.8068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luo, J., Luo, J., Sheng, Z., Fang, Z., Fu, Y., Wang, N. et al. (2025). Latest research progress on anti-microbial effects, mechanisms of action, and product developments of dietary flavonoids: A systematic literature review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 156(38), Article 104839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104839</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luo, J., Luo, J., Sheng, Z., Fang, Z., Fu, Y., Wang, N. et al. (2025). Latest research progress on anti-microbial effects, mechanisms of action, and product developments of dietary flavonoids: A systematic literature review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 156(38), Article 104839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2024.104839</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valarezo, E., Ledesma-Monteros, G., Jaramillo-Fierro, X., Radice, M., Meneses, M. A. (2025). Antimicrobial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil in meat and meat products: A systematic review. Antibiotics, 14(5), Article 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14050494</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valarezo, E., Ledesma-Monteros, G., Jaramillo-Fierro, X., Radice, M., Meneses, M. A. (2025). Antimicrobial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil in meat and meat products: A systematic review. Antibiotics, 14(5), Article 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14050494</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao, K., Wonta, K. B., Xia, J., Zhong, F., Sharma, V. (2024). Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of antimicrobial activities of common culinary spices: Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Piper nigrum (black pepper). Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, Article 1447144. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1447144</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao, K., Wonta, K. B., Xia, J., Zhong, F., Sharma, V. (2024). Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of antimicrobial activities of common culinary spices: Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Piper nigrum (black pepper). Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, Article 1447144. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1447144</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
