meatTheory and practice of meat processingТеория и практика переработки мяса2414-438X2414-441XФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН10.21323/2414-438X-2025-10-3-211-225meat-489Research ArticleСтатьиAnthrax in Indonesia: A One Health approach to zoonotic threats and integrated prevention strategiesAnthrax in Indonesia: A One Health approach to zoonotic threats and integrated prevention strategieshttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-3983-2716KurniawanM. ‘A.KurniawanM. ‘A.

Muhammad ‘Ahdi Kurniawan, Master of Science, Researcher, Master Program of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Surabaya, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

Muhammad ‘Ahdi Kurniawan, Master of Science, Researcher, Master Program of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

 

muhammad.ahdi.kurniawan98@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-9224-5306TriadiB.TriadiB.

Baswendra Triadi, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Researcher, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

Baswendra Triadi, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Researcher, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

baswendratriadi@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9567-5091DamayantiS.DamayantiS.

Salsabila Damayanti, Master of Sociology, Researcher, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia

Salsabila Damayanti, Master of Sociology, Researcher, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia

salsabila.damayanti@unsoed.ac.idhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-1627-6325AzizahS. N.AzizahS. N.

Siti N. Azizah, Researcher, Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Airlangga 4–6, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

Siti N. Azizah, Researcher, Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Airlangga 4–6, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

snaa.azizahh@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-8820PuspitasariH.PuspitasariH.

Heni Puspitasari, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Toxoplasma Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

Heni Puspitasari, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Toxoplasma Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

henipuspitasari@staf.unair.ac.idhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-9342KhairullahA. R.KhairullahA. R.

Aswin R. Khairullah, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia

Aswin R. Khairullah, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Research Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia

aswinrafif@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-5044-1313NifaF. H.NifaF. H.

Firdha H. Nifa, Master of Science, Researcher, Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University

Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

Firdha H. Nifa, Master of Science, Researcher, Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University

Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

 

firdhahanan@apps.ipb.ac.idhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8108-006XJakhmolaV.JakhmolaV.

Vikash Jakhmola, Ph.D., Dean, Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University

Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Vikash Jakhmola, Ph.D., Dean, Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University

Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

deanuips@uumail.inhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-3904AnsoriA. N. M.AnsoriA. N. M.

Arif N. M. Ansori, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Airlangga 4–6, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia

Arif N. M. Ansori, Ph.D. in Veterinary Science, Researcher, Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Airlangga 4–6, Surabaya, East Java, 60132, Indonesia

ansori.anm@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0512-2990SuciptoT. H.SuciptoT. H.

Teguh Hari Sucipto, Master of Science in Chemistry, Researcher, Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

Teguh Hari Sucipto, Master of Science in Chemistry, Researcher, Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga

Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia

teguhharisucipto@staf.unair.ac.idUniversitas Airlangga; Zoonotic Pathogens and Global Health Research Group, Virtual Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (VRCBB)ИндонезияUniversitas Airlangga; Zoonotic Pathogens and Global Health Research Group, Virtual Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (VRCBB)IndonesiaUniversitas AirlanggaИндонезияUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesiaUniversitas Jenderal SoedirmanИндонезияUniversitas Jenderal SoedirmanIndonesiaResearch Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)ИндонезияResearch Center for Veterinary Science, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)IndonesiaIPB UniversityИндонезияIPB UniversityIndonesiaUttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal UniversityИндияUttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal UniversityIndiaZoonotic Pathogens and Global Health Research Group, Virtual Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (VRCBB); Universitas Airlangga; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal UniversityИндонезияZoonotic Pathogens and Global Health Research Group, Virtual Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology (VRCBB); Universitas Airlangga; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal UniversityIndonesia202505102025103211225Copyright © Kurniawan M.‘., Triadi B., Damayanti S., Azizah S.N., Puspitasari H., Khairullah A.R., Nifa F.H., Jakhmola V., Ansori A., Sucipto T.H., 20252025Kurniawan M.‘., Triadi B., Damayanti S., Azizah S.N., Puspitasari H., Khairullah A.R., Nifa F.H., Jakhmola V., Ansori A., Sucipto T.H.Kurniawan M.‘., Triadi B., Damayanti S., Azizah S.N., Puspitasari H., Khairullah A.R., Nifa F.H., Jakhmola V., Ansori A., Sucipto T.H.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/489

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis and remains a significant threat in Indonesia. The disease has a substantial impact on public health, livestock productivity, and economic stability, particularly in areas with traditional farming practices and limited animal health surveillance systems. This study aims to analyze the epidemiology of anthrax in Indonesia using the One Health approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health aspects. Data were collected from official government documents, such as the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as scientific literature obtained from reputable databases. The results indicated that approximately 76 % of Indonesia is categorized as suspect areas for anthrax, while 14 % are infected areas, with the highest prevalence in Java, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi. The primary risk factors include the consumption of non-veterinary inspected animal meat, unhygienic handling of carcasses, and the persistence of B. anthracis spores in the environment. Recommended control strategies include periodic livestock vaccination, conducting active surveillance, increasing public awareness, and enhancing the diagnostic laboratory's capacity. The One Health approach has proven effective in reducing the risk of cross-species transmission and improving responses to outbreaks. This study advocates for strengthening the integrated surveillance system, increasing synergy between sectors, and further research on the impact of climate change on zoonotic disease dynamics. With an integrated and collaborative strategy, Indonesia has a significant opportunity to control anthrax sustainably and enhance the resilience of public and animal health.

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis and remains a significant threat in Indonesia. The disease has a substantial impact on public health, livestock productivity, and economic stability, particularly in areas with traditional farming practices and limited animal health surveillance systems. This study aims to analyze the epidemiology of anthrax in Indonesia using the One Health approach, which integrates human, animal, and environmental health aspects. Data were collected from official government documents, such as the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as scientific literature obtained from reputable databases. The results indicated that approximately 76 % of Indonesia is categorized as suspect areas for anthrax, while 14 % are infected areas, with the highest prevalence in Java, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi. The primary risk factors include the consumption of non-veterinary inspected animal meat, unhygienic handling of carcasses, and the persistence of B. anthracis spores in the environment. Recommended control strategies include periodic livestock vaccination, conducting active surveillance, increasing public awareness, and enhancing the diagnostic laboratory's capacity. The One Health approach has proven effective in reducing the risk of cross-species transmission and improving responses to outbreaks. This study advocates for strengthening the integrated surveillance system, increasing synergy between sectors, and further research on the impact of climate change on zoonotic disease dynamics. With an integrated and collaborative strategy, Indonesia has a significant opportunity to control anthrax sustainably and enhance the resilience of public and animal health.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.