meatTheory and practice of meat processingТеория и практика переработки мяса2414-438X2414-441XФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН10.21323/2414-438X-2022-7-4-273-281meat-238Research ArticleСтатьиThe ways to improve the biological and morphological parameters of young fattening pigshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-2174MikolaychikI. N.

Ivan N. Mikolaychik, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Institute of Biotechnology

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

min_ksaa@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7393-300XMorozovaL. A.

Larisa A. Morozova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Institute of Biotechnology

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

morozova-la72@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-7126IltyakovA. V.

Alexander V. Iltyakov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, Institute of Biotechnology

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

minksaa@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9978-9686StupinaE. S.

Ekaterina S. Stupina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Docent, Institute of Biotechnology

Lesnikovo village, Ketovsky district, Kurgan region, 641300

m.kat91@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2474-2290NeverovaO. P.

Olga P. Neverova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Docent, Department of Biotechnology and Food

42 Karl Liebknecht str., Yekaterinburg, 620075

opneverova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-8242UryumtsevaT. I.

Tatyana I. Uryumtseva, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Industrial Technologies

45 Lomov str., Pavlodar, 140008

vbh2@mail.ruKurgan State Agricultural Academy by T. S. MaltsevRussian FederationUral State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationInnovative University of EurasiaRussian Federation20222712202274273281Copyright © Mikolaychik I.N., Morozova L.A., Iltyakov A.V., Stupina E.S., Neverova O.P., Uryumtseva T.I., 20222022Mikolaychik I.N., Morozova L.A., Iltyakov A.V., Stupina E.S., Neverova O.P., Uryumtseva T.I.Mikolaychik I.N., Morozova L.A., Iltyakov A.V., Stupina E.S., Neverova O.P., Uryumtseva T.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/238

Studies were carried out to find the new ways to improve the efficiency of iodine use for the young pigs. During the scientific and economic experiment it was found that bringing iodine to the physiological norm, in combination with introduction of 3% bentonite clay into the diets of young fattening pigs, provided a positive effect on the morphological composition of carcasses, slaughter parameters and meat quality of the pigs. So fattening the yelts with the diets with a physiological norm of iodine in combination with 3% bentonite clay allowed young pigs of the 3rd experimental group to reach a slaughter weight of 78.95 kg at the age of 8 months, which is 10.1% more than in the control group, and 4.2% and 2.5% more in comparison with the 1st and 2nd experimental groups. The slaughter yield in yelts of the 3rd experimental group increased by 2.43% (P<0.05) compared to the control group. The largest (30.17 cm2) area of the “rib eye” was recorded in the 3rd experimental group, which is 5.60% more than the control one, while the carcasses of pigs of the 3rd experimental group contained muscle tissue by 4.74% (P<0.05) more than the same in the control group. Analysis of the Musculus longissimus showed a significant increase in protein content in the 3rd experimental group by 1.22% compared to the control group (P<0.05). The protein-quality parameter was significantly higher in the muscle tissue of young pigs of the 3rd experimental group and amounted to 10.90 (P<0.05), which is 1.12% higher than in the muscle tissue of the control group yelts. The maximum content of oleic acid was found in the lard of animals of the 3rd experimental group — 49.59, which is 1.28% (P<0.05) higher than in the control group. 

young pigspotassium iodidebentonitemorphological composition of carcassesslaughter and meat qualities of pigsprotein-quality indexfatty acidsReferencesMinakov, A.V., Lapina, S.B. (2021). Ensuring the economic security of the state in the context of western sanctions. Vestnik of Economic Security, 2, 305–312. https://doi.org/10.24412/2414–3995–2021–2–305–312 (In Russian)Minakov, A.V., Lapina, S.B. (2021). Ensuring the economic security of the state in the context of western sanctions. Vestnik of Economic Security, 2, 305–312. https://doi.org/10.24412/2414–3995–2021–2–305–312 (In Russian)Barikaeva, A.F. (2019). Improvement of certain elements of the risk management system of food security in Russia. Vestnik of Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1, 218–221. https://doi.org/10.24411/2073–0454–2019–10052 (In Russian)Barikaeva, A.F. (2019). Improvement of certain elements of the risk management system of food security in Russia. Vestnik of Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1, 218–221. https://doi.org/10.24411/2073–0454–2019–10052 (In Russian)Zhilina, E.V., Khunafina, E.A., Kuzyashev, A.N. (2020). Analysis and forecasting of the consumer market of meat and meat products in the Russian Federation. Economics and Management: Research and Practice Journal, 3(153), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.34773/EU.2020.3.8 (In Russian)Zhilina, E.V., Khunafina, E.A., Kuzyashev, A.N. (2020). Analysis and forecasting of the consumer market of meat and meat products in the Russian Federation. Economics and Management: Research and Practice Journal, 3(153), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.34773/EU.2020.3.8 (In Russian)Tikhomirov, A. I. (2021). Development of pig breeding in Russia under the food embargo: Modern challenges and opportunities. Pig Breeding, 1, 4–7. https://doi.org/10.37925/0039–713X-2021–1–4–7 (In Russian)Tikhomirov, A. I. (2021). Development of pig breeding in Russia under the food embargo: Modern challenges and opportunities. Pig Breeding, 1, 4–7. https://doi.org/10.37925/0039–713X-2021–1–4–7 (In Russian)Plaksin, I.E., Plaksin, S.I., Trifanov, A.V. (2022). Trends and prospects of pig breeding development in Russia. AgroEcoEngineering, 1(110), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.24412/2713–2641–2022–1110–155–168 (In Russian)Plaksin, I.E., Plaksin, S.I., Trifanov, A.V. (2022). Trends and prospects of pig breeding development in Russia. AgroEcoEngineering, 1(110), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.24412/2713–2641–2022–1110–155–168 (In Russian)Butolina, E. A. (2021). Pig production development trends. In the collection: Youth science 2021: technology, innovation. Materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference of young scientists, graduate students and students, dedicated to the Year of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation. Perm, 275–277. (In Russian)Butolina, E. A. (2021). Pig production development trends. In the collection: Youth science 2021: technology, innovation. Materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference of young scientists, graduate students and students, dedicated to the Year of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation. Perm, 275–277. (In Russian)Minakov, I. A., Kuvshinov, V. A. (2021). Development of pig breeding in Russia: Trends and performance. Science and Education, 4(1), Article 254. (In Russian)Minakov, I. A., Kuvshinov, V. A. (2021). Development of pig breeding in Russia: Trends and performance. Science and Education, 4(1), Article 254. (In Russian)Demakova, E.A. (2021). Forecast for the development of the pig production market in Russia. Economy, Labor, Management in Agriculture, 7(76), 3–11. (In Russian)Demakova, E.A. (2021). Forecast for the development of the pig production market in Russia. Economy, Labor, Management in Agriculture, 7(76), 3–11. (In Russian)Kovalev, Yu. I. (2021). Pig breeding in Russia: Current situation and development prospects until 2025. Proceedings of the All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine. Ya. R. Kovalenko, 82, 324–328. (In Russian)Kovalev, Yu. I. (2021). Pig breeding in Russia: Current situation and development prospects until 2025. Proceedings of the All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine. Ya. R. Kovalenko, 82, 324–328. (In Russian)Khayrullina, O.I (2021). Trends in the production and consumption of the main types of meat in Russia. Creative Economy, 15(5), 2245–2260. https://doi.org/10.18334/ce.15.5.112098 (In Russian)Khayrullina, O.I (2021). Trends in the production and consumption of the main types of meat in Russia. Creative Economy, 15(5), 2245–2260. https://doi.org/10.18334/ce.15.5.112098 (In Russian)Frame, C. A., Huff-Lonergan, E., Kerr, B. J., Serao, M. R. (2021). Feeding oxidized chicken byproduct meal impacts digestibility more than performance and oxidative status in nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 99(2). Article skab029. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab029Frame, C. A., Huff-Lonergan, E., Kerr, B. J., Serao, M. R. (2021). Feeding oxidized chicken byproduct meal impacts digestibility more than performance and oxidative status in nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 99(2). Article skab029. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab029Ellner, C., Martínez-Vallespín, B., Saliu, E.-M., Zentek, J., Röhe, I. (2021). Effects of cereal and protein source on performance, apparent ileal protein digestibility and intestinal characteristics in weaner piglets. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 75(4), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2021.1958647Ellner, C., Martínez-Vallespín, B., Saliu, E.-M., Zentek, J., Röhe, I. (2021). Effects of cereal and protein source on performance, apparent ileal protein digestibility and intestinal characteristics in weaner piglets. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 75(4), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2021.1958647Morozova, L., Mikolaychik, I., Rebezov, M., Fedoseeva, N., Derkho, M., Safronov, S. et al. (2020). Improving the physiological and biochemical status of high-yielding cows through complete feeding. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12, 2181–2190. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.319Morozova, L., Mikolaychik, I., Rebezov, M., Fedoseeva, N., Derkho, M., Safronov, S. et al. (2020). Improving the physiological and biochemical status of high-yielding cows through complete feeding. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12, 2181–2190. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.319Mikhailova, L. R., Lavrentiev, A. Yu. (2022). The use of an enzyme preparation in feeding young pigs. In the collection: Scientific and educational environment as the basis for the development of the intellectual potential of agriculture in the regions of Russia. Materials of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference. Cheboksary, 276–278. (In Russian)Mikhailova, L. R., Lavrentiev, A. Yu. (2022). The use of an enzyme preparation in feeding young pigs. In the collection: Scientific and educational environment as the basis for the development of the intellectual potential of agriculture in the regions of Russia. Materials of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference. Cheboksary, 276–278. (In Russian)Ivanov, S.A. (2014). Effect of feed composition with chelated trace elements on productivity of sows. Collection of Scientific Papers of the Stavropol Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Feed Production, 3(7), 323–326. (In Russian)Ivanov, S.A. (2014). Effect of feed composition with chelated trace elements on productivity of sows. Collection of Scientific Papers of the Stavropol Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Feed Production, 3(7), 323–326. (In Russian)Mikhaylova, L.R., Zhestyanova, L.V., Lavrentiev, A. Yu., Sherne, V.S. (2021). Application of natural zeolites in mixed feeds of young pigs. Agrarian Science, 3, 43–47. https://doi.org/10.32634/0869–8155–2021–346–3–43–47 (In Russian)Mikhaylova, L.R., Zhestyanova, L.V., Lavrentiev, A. Yu., Sherne, V.S. (2021). Application of natural zeolites in mixed feeds of young pigs. Agrarian Science, 3, 43–47. https://doi.org/10.32634/0869–8155–2021–346–3–43–47 (In Russian)Duskaev, G.K., Rakhmatullin, S.G., Kazachkova, N.M., Sheida, Y.V., Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A. (2018). Effect of the combined action of Quercus cortex extract and probiotic substances on the immunity and productivity of broiler chickens. Veterinary World, 11(10), 1416–1422. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.1416–1422Duskaev, G.K., Rakhmatullin, S.G., Kazachkova, N.M., Sheida, Y.V., Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A. (2018). Effect of the combined action of Quercus cortex extract and probiotic substances on the immunity and productivity of broiler chickens. Veterinary World, 11(10), 1416–1422. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.1416–1422Belookov, A.A., Belookova, O.V., Chukhutin, E.V., Gorelik, O.V. (2022). The efficiency of probiotics in industrial pig breeding. Agrarian Science, 7–8, 98–101. https://doi.org/10.32634/0869–8155–2022–361–7–8–98–101Belookov, A.A., Belookova, O.V., Chukhutin, E.V., Gorelik, O.V. (2022). The efficiency of probiotics in industrial pig breeding. Agrarian Science, 7–8, 98–101. https://doi.org/10.32634/0869–8155–2022–361–7–8–98–101Bagno, O. A., Prokhorov, O. N., Shevchenko, S. A., Shevchenko, A. I., Dyadichkina, T. V. (2018). Use of phytobioticts in farm animal feeding. Sel’Skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya, 53(4), 687– 697. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.687eng20.Bagno, O. A., Prokhorov, O. N., Shevchenko, S. A., Shevchenko, A. I., Dyadichkina, T. V. (2018). Use of phytobioticts in farm animal feeding. Sel’Skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya, 53(4), 687– 697. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2018.4.687eng20.Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A., Kahikalo, V.G., Ovchinnikova, L. Yu., Yarmots, L.P., Karmatskikh, Yu.A. et al. (2020). Microbiological supplements for the metabolic rate correction in calves. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences and Technologies, 11(1), Article 11A02S. https://doi.org/10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.39Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A., Kahikalo, V.G., Ovchinnikova, L. Yu., Yarmots, L.P., Karmatskikh, Yu.A. et al. (2020). Microbiological supplements for the metabolic rate correction in calves. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences and Technologies, 11(1), Article 11A02S. https://doi.org/10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.39Belookov, A.A., Belookova, O.V., Chukhutin, E.V. (2021). Experience in the use of probiotic drug in pig breeding. Feeding of Agricultural Animals and Feed Production, 9(194), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.33920/sel-05–2109–04 (In Russian)Belookov, A.A., Belookova, O.V., Chukhutin, E.V. (2021). Experience in the use of probiotic drug in pig breeding. Feeding of Agricultural Animals and Feed Production, 9(194), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.33920/sel-05–2109–04 (In Russian)Cho, H. M., Kim, E., Wickramasuriya, S. S., Shin, T. K., Heo, J. M. (2021). Growth and gut performance of young pigs in response to different dietary cellulose concentration and rearing condition. Animal Bioscience, 34(10), 1653–1662. https://doi.org/10.5713/AB.20.0721Cho, H. M., Kim, E., Wickramasuriya, S. S., Shin, T. K., Heo, J. M. (2021). Growth and gut performance of young pigs in response to different dietary cellulose concentration and rearing condition. Animal Bioscience, 34(10), 1653–1662. https://doi.org/10.5713/AB.20.0721Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A., Iltyakov, A.V. (2015). New in the production of environmentally safe pork. Head of Animal Breeding, 2, 21–28. (In Russian)Mikolaychik, I.N., Morozova, L.A., Iltyakov, A.V. (2015). New in the production of environmentally safe pork. Head of Animal Breeding, 2, 21–28. (In Russian)Chabaev, M., Nekrasov, R., Nadeev, V. (2013). Organic trace elements for industrial pig farming. Compound Feed, 6, 77–79. (In Russian)Chabaev, M., Nekrasov, R., Nadeev, V. (2013). Organic trace elements for industrial pig farming. Compound Feed, 6, 77–79. (In Russian)Andersson, M., Karumbunathan, V. Zimmcrmann, M.B. (2012). Global iodine status in 2011 and trends over the past decade. Journal of Nutrition. (142), 744–750 https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.149393Andersson, M., Karumbunathan, V. Zimmcrmann, M.B. (2012). Global iodine status in 2011 and trends over the past decade. Journal of Nutrition. (142), 744–750 https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.149393Lazarus, J. (2014). Iodine status in Europe in 2014. European Thyroid Journal, 3, 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358873Lazarus, J. (2014). Iodine status in Europe in 2014. European Thyroid Journal, 3, 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358873Gerasimov, G.A., Haar, F., Lazarus, J.H. (2017). Overiew of iodine deficiency prevention strategies in the South-Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region: 2009–2016. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology, 13(4), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.14341.ket9531Gerasimov, G.A., Haar, F., Lazarus, J.H. (2017). Overiew of iodine deficiency prevention strategies in the South-Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region: 2009–2016. Clinical and Experimental Thyroidology, 13(4), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.14341.ket9531Haldimann, M. Alt A., Blanc, A., Bloundeau, K. (2005). Iodine content of food groups. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 18(6), 46I–471. https://doi.org//10.1016/j.jfca.2004.06.003Haldimann, M. Alt A., Blanc, A., Bloundeau, K. (2005). Iodine content of food groups. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 18(6), 46I–471. https://doi.org//10.1016/j.jfca.2004.06.003Zimmcrmann, MB., Andersson, M. (2012). Assessment of iodine nutrition in populations: past, present, and future. Nutrition Reviews, 70(10), 553–570. https://doi.org//10.1111/j.1753–48872012.00528.xZimmcrmann, MB., Andersson, M. (2012). Assessment of iodine nutrition in populations: past, present, and future. Nutrition Reviews, 70(10), 553–570. https://doi.org//10.1111/j.1753–48872012.00528.xRassolov, S.N., Voroshilin, R.A. (2019). Dynamics of thyroid hormones in pigs when immunonutrients are introduced into their diet. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. West Siberian Branch, 22, 120–127. (In Russian)Rassolov, S.N., Voroshilin, R.A. (2019). Dynamics of thyroid hormones in pigs when immunonutrients are introduced into their diet. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. West Siberian Branch, 22, 120–127. (In Russian)Ryzhova, D.D. (2019). Veterinary and sanitary evaluation of mutton after using biologically active feed additive “Yoddar”. International Research Journal, 5(83), 115–118. https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2019.83.5.023 (In Russian)Ryzhova, D.D. (2019). Veterinary and sanitary evaluation of mutton after using biologically active feed additive “Yoddar”. International Research Journal, 5(83), 115–118. https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2019.83.5.023 (In Russian)Nekrasov, R. V., Golovin, A. V., Makhaev, E. A., Anikin, A. S., Pervov, N. G., Strekozov, N. I. et al. (2018). Nutrient requirements for dairy cattle and pigs. Moscow: FGBNU FNTs VIZH im. L. K. Ernst, 2018. (In Russian)Nekrasov, R. V., Golovin, A. V., Makhaev, E. A., Anikin, A. S., Pervov, N. G., Strekozov, N. I. et al. (2018). Nutrient requirements for dairy cattle and pigs. Moscow: FGBNU FNTs VIZH im. L. K. Ernst, 2018. (In Russian)Bulgakov, A. M. (2005). Improved method for the determination of iodine in animal feed and tissues. Zootechnics, 8, 16. (In Russian)Bulgakov, A. M. (2005). Improved method for the determination of iodine in animal feed and tissues. Zootechnics, 8, 16. (In Russian)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.