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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">meat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Theory and practice of meat processing</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Теория и практика переработки мяса</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2414-438X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-441X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2414-438X-2018-3-4-23-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">meat-104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>IDENTIFICATION OF RISKS ASSOCIATED  WITH RAW MATERIALS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ РИСКОВ СВЯЗАННЫХ С СЫРЬЕМ ЖИВОТНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zajko</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайко Елена Викторовна — младший научный сотрудник лабо­ратории «Гигиена производства и микробиологии»</p><p>Адрес:109316 г. Москва, ул. Талалихина 26Тел.: +7–495–676–60–11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior research technician of the Laboratory «Hygiene of production and microbiology»</p><p>109316, Moscow, Talalikhina str., 26Tel.: +7–495–676–60–11</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.zaiko@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батаева</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bataeva</surname><given-names>Dagmara S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батаева Дагмара Султановна — кандидат технических наук, до­цент, руководитель направления микробиологии, ведущий науч­ный сотрудник лаборатории «Гигиена производства и микроби­ология»</p><p>109316, Москва, ул. Талалихина, 26Тел.: +7–495–676–60–11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of technical sciences, docent, Head of the Direction of Microbiology, leading scientific worker of the Labo­ratory «Hygiene of production and microbiology»</p><p>109316, Moscow, Talalikhina str., 26Tel.: +7–495–676–60–11</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.bataeva@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Zajko E.V., Bataeva D.S., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зайко Е.В., Батаева Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zajko E.V., Bataeva D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/104">https://www.meatjournal.ru/jour/article/view/104</self-uri><abstract><p>Products, that meet the requirements of Technical regulations of the Customs Union are possible to produce only from high-quality and safe raw materials of animal origin. However, it is necessary to identify the risks associated with its use, assessment and indication of management mechanisms. In the production of meat products, the mechanisms for managing the identified risks associated with meat raw materials will be different. The aim of our study is to identify the most important risk factors associated with meat from different species of animals, including poultry, currently used in meat processing plants. The emphasis was placed on the meat intended for the production of smoked sausages, as these products are subjected to minimal temperature effects, respectively, under adverse conditions, almost always retains the original parameters of the feedstock (for example, the presence of antibiotics, pathogens). The screening microbiological method for the presence of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents was used to identify the chemical risk factor. Classical microbiological methods were used to determine the biological risk factor. It was found that the chemical risk factor (the presence of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents) creates a biological problem, i.e. the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogens. Thus, in the study of beef, we found that the percentage of samples contaminated with antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents was 26.7 %, pork –35.3 %, and poultry meat — 42.9 %. At the same time, Salmonella spp. was absent in the same beef samples and the monocytogenes, however, have been found and they have demonstrated their resistance to antibiotics. In pork and poultry all bacteria were found. Perhaps, these species of animals and poultry, strains of microorganisms have the greatest antibacterial resistance.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Только из качественного и безопасного сырья животного происхождения возможно производить продукцию, отвечающую требованиям Технических регламентов Таможенного Союза. Однако для этого необходимо идентифицировать риски, связанные с его использованием, с оценкой и указанием механизмов управления. При производстве мясной продукции, механизмы управления идентифицированными рисками, связанные с мясным сырьем, будут разными. Целью нашего исследования является идентификация наиболее важных факторов риска, связанных с мясом от разных видов животных, в т.ч. и птицы, которое используется в настоящее время на мясоперерабатывающих предприятиях. Акцент был сделан на мясе, предназначенном для производства сырокопченых колбас, т.к. эта продукция подвергается минимальным температурным воздействиям, соответственно при неблагоприятных условиях практически всегда сохраняет параметры исходного сырья (например, наличие антибиотиков, патогенных микроорганизмов). При идентификации химического фактора риска использовали скрининговый микробиологический метод на наличие антимикробных химиотерапевтических веществ. Для установления биологического фактора риска применяли классические микробиологические методы. Нами было установлено, что химический фактор риска (наличие антимикробных химиотерапевтических веществ) создает проблему биологического характера, т.е. приводит к возникновению антибиотикоустойчивых штаммов патогенов. Так, при исследовании говядины нами было установлено, что процент контаминированных антимикробными химиотерапевтическими веществами образцов составил 26,7 %, свинины 35,3 %, а мясо птицы — 42,9 %. При этом в этих же образцах говядины отсутствовали Salmonella spp. и L.monocytogenes, однако E.coli были обнаружены и они демонстрировали свою устойчивость к действию антибиотиков. В свинине и в мясе птицы все искомые бактерии были обнаружены. Возможно, у данных видов животных и птицы, штаммы микроорганизмов обладают наибольшей антибактериальной резистентностью.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мясо</kwd><kwd>риски</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность микроорганизмов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meat</kwd><kwd>risks</kwd><kwd>antibacterial drugs</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stärk, K.D.C., Regula, G., Hernandez, J., Fuchs, K., Morris, R.S., Davies, P. (2006). Concepts for risk-based surveillance in the field of veterinary medicine and veterinary public health: Review of current approaches. BMC Health Services Research, 6(20)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stärk, K.D.C., Regula, G., Hernandez, J., Fuchs, K., Morris, R.S., Davies, P. (2006). 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